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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Appendix B. Packaging Tools</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1" /><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="Debian Python Policy" /><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="Debian Python Policy" /><link rel="prev" href="build_dependencies.html" title="Appendix A. Build Dependencies" /><link rel="next" href="upgrade.html" title="Appendix C. Upgrade Procedure" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Appendix B. Packaging Tools</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="build_dependencies.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="upgrade.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="appendix"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="packaging_tools"></a>Appendix B. Packaging Tools</h1></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="packaging_tools.html#distutils">B.1. distutils</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="packaging_tools.html#setuptools">B.2. setuptools</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="packaging_tools.html#dh-python">B.3. <code class="literal">dh-python</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="packaging_tools.html#pybuild">B.4. pybuild</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="packaging_tools.html#cdbs">B.5. CDBS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="packaging_tools.html#pysupport">B.6. <code class="literal">python-support</code> (removed)</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="packaging_tools.html#pycentral">B.7. <code class="literal">python-central</code> (removed)</a></span></dt></dl></div><p>
This section describes the various tools to help package
Python programs and modules for Debian. Although none of these
tools are mandatory, their use is strongly encouraged, as the
above policy has been designed with them in mind (and vice
versa). This appendix is just an overview. If you use these
tools, you should read their full documentation.
</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="distutils"></a>B.1. distutils</h2></div></div></div><p>
The standard Python <code class="literal">distutils</code> module has been modified in
Debian to change the default installation directory of public
Python modules and to add a new flag to the <code class="literal">install</code>
command to override the default, <code class="literal">--install-layout=</code>.
</p><p>
Public Python modules installed with a modified distutils default
to
<code class="filename">/usr/local/lib/python<em class="replaceable"><code>X</code></em>.<em class="replaceable"><code>Y</code></em>/dist-packages</code>
for Python 2.6 and later. This directory is seen by the
system-provided Python 2.6.
</p><p>
When using a local Python installation, the default is
<code class="filename">/usr/local/lib/python<em class="replaceable"><code>X</code></em>.<em class="replaceable"><code>Y</code></em>/site-packages</code>
which is only seen by the local Python installation.
</p><p>
Using the <code class="literal">--install-layout=deb</code> flag to
the <code class="literal">install</code> command of <code class="filename">setup.py</code> with a
system-provided Python 2.6 or later versions, Python modules will
be installed to
<code class="filename">/usr/lib/python<em class="replaceable"><code>X</code></em>.<em class="replaceable"><code>Y</code></em>/dist-packages</code>
which is only seen by the system-provided Python, not by a local
installation.
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="setuptools"></a>B.2. setuptools</h2></div></div></div><p>
The related Python <code class="literal">setuptools</code> module has been modified in
Debian along the same lines as <code class="literal">distutils</code>.
</p><p>
Upstream focus on developments and improvements for Python packaging
tools has largely shifted away from <code class="literal">distutils</code> and to
<code class="literal">setuptools</code>. They offer a similar API and at some point in
the future, <code class="literal">setuptools</code> may fully replace <code class="literal">distutils</code>
in Debian package builds.
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="dh-python"></a>B.3. <code class="literal">dh-python</code></h2></div></div></div><p>
<code class="literal">dh-python</code> provides extensions
for <code class="literal">debhelper</code> to make it easier to package
Python modules and extensions. They calculate Python dependencies,
add maintainer scripts to byte compile files, etc. Their use is
not mandatory, but they are recommended by the Debian Python
maintainers.
</p><p>
See <code class="literal">man dh_python3</code> for details.
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="pybuild"></a>B.4. pybuild</h2></div></div></div><p>
Pybuild is a Debian Python specific build system that invokes
various build systems for requested Python versions in order to
build modules and extensions. It supports automatically building
for multiple Python versions.
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="cdbs"></a>B.5. CDBS</h2></div></div></div><p>
The CDBS <code class="filename">python-distutils.mk</code> class helps packaging of
distutils based Python packages.
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="pysupport"></a>B.6. <code class="literal">python-support</code> (removed)</h2></div></div></div><p>
<code class="literal">python-support</code> provided another way to manage
Python modules. It has been removed from Debian Stretch and later
releases.
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="pycentral"></a>B.7. <code class="literal">python-central</code> (removed)</h2></div></div></div><p>
<code class="literal">python-central</code> provided another way to manage
Python modules. It has been removed from Debian Jessie and later
releases.
</p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="build_dependencies.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"> </td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="upgrade.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Appendix A. Build Dependencies </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Appendix C. Upgrade Procedure</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
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